The brain is thought to contain 100 billion neurons. Neurotransmitters are molecules that serve as "chemical messengers," carrying messages along neuronal pathways in the brain. A neurotransmitter is released by the first (sending) neuron into the synaptic cleft, a tiny space between neurons, where it binds with receptors on the second neuron. According to the saying, the neurotransmitter "fits into the receptor like a key into a lock." The second (receiving) neuron's firing can either be inhibited by this binding action or caused to fire. An inhibitory response reduces the activity of the neuronal network, while an excitatory response moves the message along the neuronal pathway. The chemical messenger is then "transported" back into the first neuron to complete the message and is then saved for later use.
In research, Hyman observed that all psychotropic drugs interfere with the brain's normal neurotransmitter function. However, the brain has a number of feedback mechanisms to monitor the activity of its neurotransmitters, and in response to the drug's disruption of that function, it undergoes a number of "compensatory adaptations." The brain strives to continue operating normally. For instance, the brain reduces its own serotonergic activity when a drug increases serotonin levels. The brain increases its dopaminergic activity if a drug blocks dopamine receptors and so on. According to Hyman, the brain is now functioning in a way that is "qualitatively as well as quantitatively different from the normal state" at the conclusion of this compensatory process. The key concept here is that all psychiatric medications interfere with neurotransmitter function, which causes compensatory changes that result in abnormal brain function. So,
What are Psychotropic Drugs?
Psychotropic drugs are those that alter mood, perceptions, and behavior. It is also known as Psychoactive or Psychopharmaceutical. Psychotropic drugs, especially when used in conjunction with psychotherapy, can be effective tools in the treatment of conditions such as borderline personality disorder (BPD), anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, and schizophrenia. A broad class of medications known as psychotropics is used to treat a wide range of ailments. They function by modifying the concentrations of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), norepinephrine, and serotonin in the brain. The psychotropic drugs fall into five main categories:
1. Anti-anxiety medication
2. Antidepressants
3. Antipsychotics
4. Stabilizers of mood
5. Stimulants
Some psychotropic drugs can have very severe side effects and necessitate special monitoring by medical professionals.
How does it work?
As already mentioned, Psychotropic drugs are used to treat symptoms of mental illness such as mood swings, rage, hallucinations/delusions, and other issues that can interfere with therapy. With these symptoms under control, you can concentrate on learning skills to cope with and manage your mental health. These medications work by affecting the balance of neurotransmitters in your body, such as serotonin, dopamine, and -Aminobutyric acid (GABA). These chemical messengers transport signals between your organs to help them function properly. They assist neurons in communicating with one another in the brain to control mood, concentration, perception, and other aspects of brain function. They are specific to the cells that they attack.
How quickly do psychotropic drugs start working?
You may notice side effects right away in some cases, but you may not feel the full beneficial effects for several weeks or even months. If you believe your medication isn't working, consult your doctor to discuss alternatives. Never discontinue a psychotropic medication on your own; this can be dangerous and unpleasant. To avoid this, your doctor will know how to gradually reduce your dosage.
Note:- Never take psychotropic drugs (or any other prescription drugs that have not been prescribed to you) unless you have a prescription.
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