Love-Hormone-Chemistry

 “I love you without knowing how, or when, or from where. I love you simply, without problems or pride: I love you in this way because I do not know any other way of loving but this, in which there is no I or you, so intimate that your hand upon my chest is my hand, so intimate that when I fall asleep your eyes close.” – Pablo Neruda

One can define love as a set of feelings and actions emphasizing intimacy, passion, and commitment. It entails tenderness, proximity, safety, attraction, affection, and trust. Love has different levels of intensity and can evolve over time. It can lead to bad emotions like jealousy and stress, but it is also linked to a variety of positive emotions like happiness, enthusiasm, life satisfaction, and bliss. Here we will discuss love from the Hormonal (chemical) perspective. 

The brain's hypothalamus, which promotes the production of the sex hormones testosterone and estrogen from the testes and ovaries, is crucial in the feelings of love. Although both substances are frequently perceived as being "male" or "feminine," they both affect both men and women. As it turns out, almost everyone's libido is increased by testosterone. While higher estrogen level has a milder effect, some women claim that it increases their desire for sexual activity around the time of ovulation.

According to Fisher, dopamine, serotonin, testosterone, and estrogen are among the "chemical families" to which we all belong. People are drawn to partners whose personalities complement their own. A high-estrogen individual might be attracted to a high-testosterone type, for example.

The three stages of falling in love are distinct. Our bodies' levels of testosterone (for men) and estrogen (for women) are what fuel the initial emotion, lust. The second emotion, attraction, has a similar high to the addictive high that comes from some drugs or alcohol. The last stage is attachment, during which you could start to feel particularly connected and start formulating long-term plans.

Stage 1: The amounts of testosterone (in men) and estrogen (in women) in our bodies are what cause lust. This is similar to other terrestrial mammals in many ways. The need for sexual fulfillment is what fuels lust. This has an evolutionary basis in our need to procreate, a need that all living things share. By reproducing, organisms pass on their genes and help to maintain the genetic diversity of their species.

Stage 2: The feeling of attraction is comparable to that of the effects of some medications or alcohol. Falling in love can feel like an addictive thrill due to the feeling of euphoria and the release of a variety of chemicals in the brain, including dopamine (pleasure), adrenaline (fight or flight), and norepinephrine (alertness). When you first meet someone you like, adrenaline in particular causes your heart to accelerate, your palms to become clammy, and your cheeks to flush.

Dopamine

Dopamine is a particularly well-known participant in the brain's reward system and is released by the hypothalamus when we perform actions that make us feel good. In this instance, these activities include having sex and spending time with loved ones. During attraction, significant amounts of dopamine and the associated hormone norepinephrine are released. You can genuinely be so "in love" that you can't eat or sleep since these chemicals make us joyful, energetic, and euphoric, as well as causing decreased appetite and insomnia. Norepinephrine, also known as noradrenalin, is a substance that may seem familiar to you because it is a key component of the fight-or-flight response, which ramps up when we are under stress and keeps us alert. When people are shown a picture of someone they are strongly attracted to, as opposed to when they are shown a picture of someone they feel neutral towards, the brain's key "reward" areas, such as the ventral tegmental area and the caudate nucleus, fire like crazy. Finally, serotonin, a hormone known to affect hunger and mood, appears to decrease in response to attraction. Interestingly, obsessive-compulsive disorder patients also have low serotonin levels, which has led researchers to hypothesize that this is what explains the overwhelming infatuation that defines the early phases of love.

Stage 3: The production of oxytocin (the "cuddle" hormone), which occurs during Stage 3 of attachment, replaces dopamine and norepinephrine. At this point, you may start to feel particularly connected to one another and begin forming long-term plans.

Oxytocin

Oxytocin is frequently referred to as the "cuddle hormone." The hypothalamus also produces oxytocin, which is released in high amounts during intercourse, lactation, and childbirth. The fact that each of these events serves as a prelude to bonding may seem to make this seem like a rather odd collection of activities, not all of which are really joyful. It also demonstrates the significance of keeping attachment, lust, and attraction in their own domains: although we are attached to our close family, those other feelings have no place in that environment.

Love has the power to be both good and bad for you; it has the power to wake us up in the morning or make us never want to get up again. Even if I kept you here for another ten thousand pages, I'm not sure I could describe "love" for you. Everyone has the ability to determine what love is for themselves in the end. And if it's just hormones, for better or worse, maybe we can all have "chemistry" with just about anyone. But it's still up to the rest of you whether it progresses or not. Lastly, let's end with Nicholas Sparks quotation: "Love is like the wind; you can't see it, but you can feel it."

Cigarette-Cancer Awakening Agent

What is a cigarette? 

A cigarette is a thin piece of paper that has been rolled around a narrow cylinder of burnable material, usually tobacco, for smoking. The cigarette is lit at one end, which causes it to smolder; the smoke that results is then inhaled orally through the other end. The most popular way to consume tobacco is through cigarettes.

You likely already know that smoking can kill you; in fact, the habit kills 50% of smokers who don't give up. But are you truly aware of the entire situation? Do you know the number of harmful chemicals found in cigarettes or how they get there?

Why do cigarettes contain so many chemicals?

Many substances, including cadmium and lead, are absorbed by the tobacco plant from the soil it is grown in. As tobacco leaves dry, additional substances known as tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) form. To enhance flavor and nicotine absorption, still more chemicals are added while making cigarettes.

Cigarettes contain about 600 different ingredients. Cigarettes emit more than 7,000 chemicals when they are burned. At least 69 of these substances have been linked to cancer, and many of them are toxic. Many of these chemicals are also present in consumer goods, but they carry warning labels, like the packaging for rat poison. While the danger of the toxins in these products is made known to the public, there is no similar warning for the toxins in tobacco smoke. Anyone who breathes air contaminated with cigarette smoke runs the risk of becoming sick. You are exposed to these substances when you smoke cigarettes. Cigarettes are carcinogenic in nature. Anything that can start or worsen cancer is considered a carcinogen. There are about 70 chemicals in cigarettes that have been linked to cancer. These consist of  Nicotine, formaldehyde, Tobacco-specific nitrosamines, Cumene, Nickel (a metallic element), Beryllium (a toxic metal), Cadmium (a toxic metal), Polonium-210 (a radioactive chemical element), 1,3–Butadiene (a hazardous gas), etc. Nicotine, the major addictive substance in cigarettes is the poison used in pesticides.

What happens when you smoke? 

Within seconds of inhaling nicotine, it reaches the brain. Nicotine increases the release of neurotransmitters, brain chemicals that help control mood and behavior. One of these neurotransmitters, dopamine, is released in the brain's reward center and results in feelings of pleasure and a lifted mood. You need more nicotine to feel good the more you smoke. Nicotine quickly ingrains itself into your routine and influences your habits and emotions. 

It is well known that not everyone puffs on their cigarettes in the same way. The delivery of smoke constituents to the smoker is significantly influenced by differences in smoking habits, including puff volume, number of puffs, and whether the ventilation holes are blocked. Each cigarette is consumed differently by each smoker depending on the time of day, their level of stress, and how long it has been since their last nicotine fix. Depending on the specific events taking place at the time, the smoker will alter the number of puffs taken, the depth of the puff, and the degree to which ventilation holes are blocked. In addition to emphysema and chronic bronchitis, smoking also increases the risk of developing cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung conditions, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Smoking also raises the risk of developing tuberculosis, some eye conditions, and immune system issues, such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Lastly, Smoking also endangers the health of those nearby. Compared to people who don't live with a smoker, nonsmoking spouses and partners of smokers have a higher risk of heart disease and lung cancer. Children who have smoking parents are more likely to experience colds, ear infections, and worsening asthma. No matter how long you've smoked, giving it up can be good for your health. You can overcome your dependence on nicotine, though it isn't simple. There are numerous treatments that work. Ask your doctor for assistance.